Prof. Dr. Lienda Aliwarga Handojo
Food emulsifiers are widely used in food industry. The ability of emulsifying is to pull the surface of the two phases that are not mutually mixed by reducing the surface voltage, this emulsion is to missabilize the second mix of phases. Animal emulsifier is used as a modifier of rheology on bread, improving products, strengthening the dough and protein stabilizer. The role of extensive and important emulsifiers makes many industic sectors in Indonesia requires emulsifying substances in the production process. There are limitations of emulsifying substances and there are only two commonly used by monoglyceride emulsifiers and sodium stearoil-2 (SSL). The two emulsifying is usually used for bread because the functional nature improves the quality of bread products. The main raw material in the production of emulsifying materials comes from palm oil. Palm oil is an abundant commodity in Indonesia. Through the production of emulsifying materials using palm oil is expected to increase the added value of palm oil as a superior commodity and reduce Indonesia's imports. Method in making emulsifiers through esterification and transesterification reactions. Esterification reaction by means of mareaving carboxylic acid with alcohol using acid or base catalysts. The transesterification reaction is a reaction to exchange r groups from esters with r groups in alcohol. Esterification reactions are carried out using fatty acids that can be obtained from palm oil, while transesterification reactions can use triglycerides from palm oil as ester.
The existence of solutions to solve the problem of importing food additives is emulsifier with the use of palm oil as raw materials with easy and low production methods of energy consumption.
The problem encountered in the production of emulsifying materials is determining the right operating conditions to produce high product acquisition. Variables that can influence it include selection of reaction temperature, reaction time, and the number of comparisons of raw materials.